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The STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI issue article summary
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Abstract:
Economical Injuries Suffered by the Southern Transylvanian Reformed Church between 1940–44. part I. The study presents the situation of the Reformed Church in Romania between 1940 and 1944 from the economical perspective. The pauperization of the Hungarian population of Romania was a state policy in that period, and the Reformed Church was no exception. The economical pressing, the unbearable tax burden decimated its financial resources, and weakened its capacity of economical self-sustainment. The published study is the first part of a longer series. In this we present the requisition of church buildings by local and military authorities, the tax burden and forced war loans. Many parishes, church estates, and even schools with educational activity were requested from one day to another by the local or military authorities. These requisitions puzzled seriously the church leadership, because the lack of these buildings hardened the church and educational activities. The tax burden meant the artificial raise of local taxes, which had to be paid by the local Reformed parishes. The methods for the calculation of the tax changed radically from one year to another, getting in 1941 the Reformed congregation in the unwanted situation of not being able to pay their taxes. War loans were supposed to serve the war carried for the “reunification of the nation”. This kind of war loan, which was meant implicitly to finance a war against Northern Transylvania was obviously rejected by the Hungarian population, but still the government forced the church and its pastors to make propaganda among followers in order to carry out the signing of war loans among Hungarians.
Keywords: church history, Romania during WW2, Reformed Church of Transylvania, church buildings, requisition, school buildings, tax burden, forced war loans.
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