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    STUDIA GEOLOGIA - Issue no. 2 / 2009  
         
  Article:   DECAYING OF THE MARBLE AND LIMESTONE MONUMENTS IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT. CASE STUDIES FROM SAINT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA.

Authors:  OLGA V. FRANK-KAMENETSKAYA, DMITRII YU. VLASOV, MARINA S. ZELENSKAYA, IRINA V. KNAUF, MARIYA A. TIMASHEVA. 		 
       
         
  Abstract:  The results of a long-lasting research of sulphation process, which causes an essential deterioration of marble and limestone monuments in Saint Petersburg are reported. Based on a variety of field and analytical methods we can show that the decay process forming a gypsum-rich patina depends mainly on the local environment, the moisture accumulation, and is connected with the fissuring and porosity of the rock and the relief of a monument. Three main stages of gypsum-rich patina formation in the presence of microorganisms were revealed.

Key words: marble, limestone, travertine, stone decay, gypsum-rich patina, biodeterioration, Saint Petersburg, Russia. 		 
         
     
         
         
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