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    STUDIA GEOLOGIA - Issue no. 1 / 2002  
         
  Article:   CHARACTERISATION OF SOME CLAYS USED FOR WHITEWARE CERAMICS I. MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION.

Authors:  MARCEL BENEA, MARIA GOREA. 		 
       
         
  Abstract:  In order to obtain a semiquantitative mineralogical composition of raw materials used for whiteware ceramics, four different clay types were analysed by X-ray diffraction. Studies were carried out by using a combination of analyses of the bulk sample, and of the fine fraction. Using a well-established pre-treatment methodology (use of chemicals, ultrasonic treatment, dispersion procedures), clay mineral concentration by centrifugation and sedimentation, oriented and random powder preparation, cation saturation, expansion/dehydration methods, 12 X-ray diffractometer traces were obtained from each sample. Based on these informations it was possible to establish the qualitative mineralogical composition, and also a semiquantitative one using peak intensities and peak area corrected by various factors. Scanning electron microscopy was also used in order to illustrate the identified mineral phases.  
         
     
         
         
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