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Background. Unfavorable effect of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production during exercise is increased oxidative stress, decreased antioxidant defense, increased fatigue and decreased performance. Administration of natural antioxidants favorably influence the oxidant/antioxidant balance by improving antioxidative defense. Dietary supplementation with hemp seed oil, obtained by cold pressing, may favorably influence the oxidants/antioxidants balance in exercise in rats due to the high content of vitamin E and polyunsaturated fatty acids omega 3 and omega 6. Aims. The study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with hemp seed oil on oxidants/antioxidants balance in physical effort on rats in experimental conditions. Methods. The research was conducted in nine groups (n = 10 animals / group) of male Wistar adult rats. The groups I-IV comprised rats trained to exercise with different intensity, groups V-VIII included rats trained with different intensity of effort and supplemented with hemp oil; group 0 was control group. In all groups oxidants/antioxidants balance was determined in blood. Training effort lasted 28 days. Results. The values for oxidative stress indicators increased in all studied groups due to MDA and PC, compared with controls. Antioxidant defense indicator values increased for all indicators studied (GSH, DH, SH) on groups with low intensity exercise with or without oil supplementation. On groups with high intensity effort, DH values decreased and GSH values increased; changes were more pronounced in the groups supplemented with oil. Conclusions. Exercise of different intensities unfavorably affected O/AO balance. Hemp oil dietary supplementation promotes elevated OS indicators compared with controls and groups without supplementation and favorably influences the AO defense especially on the rise in GSH values.

Key words: rats, hemp oil, exercise, dietary antioxidants, oxidative stress.