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    STUDIA CHEMIA - Issue no. 4 / 2011  
         
  Article:   MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF ELECTROTECHNICAL PORCELAIN .

Authors:  MARIA GOREA. 		 
       
         
  Abstract:  We have investigated the microstructure of an industrial porcelain for medium voltage electrical insulators by the means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as optical and electron (SEM) microscopy. Syn–orthorhombic mullite (Al4.54Si1.46O9.73), hexagonal quartz (SiO2), syn–rhombohedral corundum (Al2O3) and tetragonal silica (SiO2) are the crystalline components, as determined by XRD. Electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) evidenced the presence of mullite crystals with variable Si:Al ratios, from 1:1, 1:2 to 1:3 or even 1:4 in the areas where K+ is present. Small prismatic crystals were observed on the corundum grains; their composition resembles Al-rich mullite. Locally, the glass phase is highly enriched in K+ as a result of orthoclase melt. The large quartz grains show marginal reaction rims related to the chemical attack of the feldspar melt. The physical, electric and mechanic characteristics of the porcelain vary in broad limits in direct connection with the compositional heterogeneity.

Keywords: microstructure, porcelain, characteristics 		 
         
     
         
         
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