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The STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEÅž-BOLYAI issue article summary
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Abstract: Carboplatin, administered intravenously in a single therapeutic dose of 65 mg/kg body weight, induces significant but reversible structural and ultrastructural alterations both at the level of the rat kidney and myocardiumium. All the modifications induced by this anticancer drug seem to be due to the grave circulatory disturbances (stasis, congestion, microhaemorrhages, diffuse intravascular coagulation, oedemas) and the thrombocytopenia, factors that induce and aggravate the alteration of the cellular components of the kidney and myocardium. The cardiotoxicity seemed to be graver, and consisted of granular myocardosis correlated with myolysis microfocuses, congestion, oedemas, haemorrhages and an obvious collagenous proliferation with a zonal character, myocyte swelling, disorganisation of their ultrastructure, especially at the periphery (lysis of the sarcolemma and myofibrils, breaking of the Z-lines, increasing of the interfibrillar spaces, nuclear modifications, swelling and degeneration of the mitochondria). The nephrotoxicity was less severe and consisted of an oedema of the Bowman’ space correlated with the appearance of a polymorphous granular material inside it, glomerular and interstitial stasis and diffuse intravascular coagulation phenomena; the uriniferous tubules appeared dilatated, with necrosis processes of the epithelial cells, and full of a hyaline material. Ultrastructurally, Carboplatin induced grave nuclear alterations (peculiar shape or an obvious pycnosis tendency), a complete vacuolisation of the apical cytoplasm, intracellular lysis, while the mitochondria were swollen and had a rarefied matrix. Many epithelial cells in the uriniferous tubules had a seriously affected brush border, the microvilli being swollen and destroyed here and there, and the basal infoldings appeared hypertrophied. |
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