The STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI issue article summary

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At the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, in the Hungarian Kingdom as well as in the Principality of Transylvania the system of teaching and learning institutions changed radically, preserving the values of the former centuries, confirming the influence of hu- manism and observing the several new pedagogical ideas brought by the Reformation. The effective change of the schools in Transylvania may be viewed as a result of the Reformation, for Calvinism had a thorough and rich influence on the Hungarian culture, development of our mother tongue, our Bible translations as well as our social relations. The numerous laws and synodal decrees concerning schools show that the Hungarian Reformed Church of Transylvania took responsibility for spreading and de- veloping the learning institutions. Gradually, up to the end of the 16th century a new form of urban humanist school has been developed, i.e. the boarding-school, which was the main school-type until the end of the 18th century in the European countries and up to the middle of the 19th century in Hungary and Transylvania, before the modification according to the Austrian „Entwurf” model. Originally, the importance of boarding-schools in the Hungarian reformed school culture did not lie in the fact that they gave a home to their pupils. These schools were rather important because the three levels of education: elementary school, secondary school as well as higher education were built onto each other and were conducted in a common institute. Full boarding-schools existed in very few towns. The only such school in Transylvania was in the town of Gyulafehérvár. Nevertheless, in many towns there were „partial” boarding-schools, where education at academic level was not provided, and the life and educational standards of which were very different from case to case. ...

Keywords: Transylvania, the system of teaching and learning institutions, synodal decrees concerning schools, learning institutions, „partial" boarding-schools, new era in the life of the schoo