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The study is a short presentation of the activity of Péter Bod as an Ecclesiastical Historiographer, and the circumstances of the writing and editing of his work: Historia Hungarorum Ecclesiastica. Regarding the circumstances of the writing of the work, the author presents two important issues: the way the Reformed Church of Transylvania existed during the first years of Habsburg occupation of Transylvania, and the dilemma regarding the institutional segregation or integration in the administrative structures of the Empire. The first circumstance is characterized by strong efforts of enforcing the Roman Catholic Church by restriction of the Protestant right, occupation of churches etc. The second one also implicated a kind of theological isolation, which meant that the modern philosophical currents (Enlightenment, Deism, Liberalism) did not or did lately influence the theological thinking of the Protestants in Transylvania.The last chapter presents why did the work of Péter Bod appear only after his death and briefly informs about the importance of this work.

Keywords: Péter Bod, Transylvanian Reformed Church in the 18th century, Historia Ecclesiastica Hungarorum.