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    STUDIA THEOLOGIA%20GRAECO-CATHOLICA%20VARADIENSIS - Issue no. 1-2 / 2015  
         
  Article:   THE ETHICAL ”AUTONOMY” AND ”VALUE” OF ART. CROCE ABOUT HÖLDERLIN AND MANN / “AUTONOMIA” E VALORE “ETICO” DELL’ARTE CROCE SU HÖLDERLIN E MANN.

Authors:  ROSA MARIA MARAFIOTI.
 
       
         
  Abstract:  The Ethical ”Autonomy” and ”Value” of Art. Croce about Hölderlin and Mann. Benedetto Croce was “Philosopher of freedom” for at least three reasons: he developed a deep theoretical conception of freedom; he set himself through his works against totalitarianism in general and fascist dictatorship in particular; he “freed” the forms of the spirit from their inappropriate traditional definition by vindicating their autonomy. Croce’s conception of freedom as leading idea and criterion of judgement of the reality makes both possible and necessary to defend a kind of art that, albeit autonomous, has a profound ethical value. On behalf of such an art, Croce criticizes the “Hölderlin’s revival” of the early 20th century, which appears to him as the symbol of the “moral illness” that will have led to the Second World War. In the name of the same art, Croce dedicates his Storia d’Europa to Thomas Mann, who, as he, could distinguish the real homeland from his own country, subjugated to a crazy politics of power. In today’s multi-ethnic and multicultural society, where not only the concept of “nation”, but even those of “Europe” seems to have lost its significance, Croce’s teaching could constitute an example of loyalty to ownself capable to open up a dialogue with the Other, in order to form a new and richer civilisation.

Keys words: freedom, art, moral, dictatorship, Europe
 
         
     
         
         
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