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The STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI issue article summary
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Abstract: This papers deals with the mineralogical composition of pelitic sediments of the Great Hungarian Plain. Published data as well as unpublished data on analyses made in the laboratories of the Geological Institute of Hungary based on almost 150 samples are presented. Determinations were made mainly by X-ray diffraction, the data were systematically corrected by comparison with the results of thermal analysis and partly chemical analysis. All the data were revised and recalculated in a uniform system in order to obtain comparable results.
In the bulk composition the dominant clay minerals are smectite, illite/smectite, illite and chlorite. In the <2 μm fraction the same minerals occur, however, expanded phases are more dominant. Triple mixed-layer illite/smectite/chlorite and kaolinite of various degree of disorder may appear. Clay minerals are essentially detrital, derived from various areas of the surrounding Carpathians and Alps (Viczin, 2002). Sub-basins may differ in degree of disorder and quantitative proportions of clay minerals and quantitative relations of other phases like calcite, dolomite, quartz and feldspars depending on relatively permanent source areas and transport directions. Smaller variations in the transport directions as shown by the micromineralogical composition are normally not reflected in the clay mineral record. Climatic variations during the Pleistocene seem to have no significant effect. In the South Tisza Basin and Maros Alluvial Fan well crystallised detrital phases prevail, while in the Krs Basin more mature sedimentary material of lesser crystallinity, higher kaolinite and very low carbonate contents can be found. ... |
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