AMBIENTUM BIOETHICA BIOLOGIA CHEMIA DIGITALIA DRAMATICA EDUCATIO ARTIS GYMNAST. ENGINEERING EPHEMERIDES EUROPAEA GEOGRAPHIA GEOLOGIA HISTORIA HISTORIA ARTIUM INFORMATICA IURISPRUDENTIA MATHEMATICA MUSICA NEGOTIA OECONOMICA PHILOLOGIA PHILOSOPHIA PHYSICA POLITICA PSYCHOLOGIA-PAEDAGOGIA SOCIOLOGIA THEOLOGIA CATHOLICA THEOLOGIA CATHOLICA LATIN THEOLOGIA GR.-CATH. VARAD THEOLOGIA ORTHODOXA THEOLOGIA REF. TRANSYLVAN
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Authors: COSMIN PRODEA.
We chose as a subject of this paper “The Dynamics of Effort in the Physical Education Class at Lower Secondary Level” on the grounds that the effort is closely related to the other components of the training process (skills, abilities, physical qualities). The key to success in the practice of physical exercise is the dosage of effort. Before, at the beginning of and during the physical effort, in response to its intensity and duration, the human body makes a number of adjustments to ensure the necessary energy within the shortest time. These adjustments consist in increasing the cardiac output (CO) on the basis of the rise in the HR (heart rate) and the volume of the blood pumped into the aorta during a ventricular systole, ventricular stroke volume (SV) and the blood flow in the muscles employed in the effort. This makes it possible to increase oxygen consumption (VO2). In submaximal efforts, it was found that the rate of the aerobic production of energy increases with time, while maintaining it constant. The relationship between HR and VO2max is not linear with low intensity efforts. It tends to become linear with efforts of increased intensity. An explanation for this may be found in the increase of SV. It si important to note that the intensity and duration of the effort as well as the degree of development of the individual’s exercise capacity determine the weight of the changes occurring in CO components. In short and intense efforts, both HR and SV increase.
Keywords: heart rate, maximum oxygen level, physical effort, dynamics of effort, physical education class, pulse tester
