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The STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI issue article summary
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Abstract: At the continental climate high UV-B radiation, especially in combination with aridity, causes several morphological and physiological changes in plants, leading to the decrease in crops quality and quantity. In the background of diverse plant responses to UV-B there are different processes such as the changes in the enzymatic antioxidant system and numerous other defence mechanisms, which can be linked to the salicylic acid-dependent signal transduction. Salicylic acid is known as a signal molecule which has role in the induction of acclimation processes under abiotic stresses conditions in plants. The aim of the present work is to better understanding of the effects of UV-B radiation, cadmium and drought stress and the cross-talk between these abiotic stresses in wheat. So we studied the effects of these stresses individually and in combination. Seedlings of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. Mv Emese) variety from Martonvásár were grown in growth chamber under normal light conditions or at normal light combined with UV-B radiation at the same time. One part of the two weeks old plants was the control, second part of the plants was treated with 50 μM Cd(NO3)2 for 7 days and the third part of the plants was treated with 15 % polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) for 5 days. The three different stresses induced changes in the antioxidant system, salicylic acid metabolism and biosynthesis were characterised in leaf and root samples using spectrophotometric methods and HPLC. Seedlings showed reduced growth and induced anthocyanin production under supplemental UV-B radiation. PEG+UV-B treated seedlings showed smaller degree of shrivelling, increased content of bound oHCA and free SA, and induced activity of glutathione reductase and catalase, compared to the seedlings treated only with PEG. Cd+UV-B treatment enhanced the effects of Cd. The leaves of these plants became yellowish, the bound oHCA and SA levels of them significantly increased while the activities of the antioxidant enzymes decreased. However, in the roots, the first organ exposed to Cd, the antioxidant system induced. Although UV-B decreased the plant development, it was found that under these conditions UV-B radiation caused successfully hardening against to drought stress, but resulted in stronger damages Cd-treated wheat seedlings. |
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