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    STUDIA BIOLOGIA - Issue no. 1 / 2011  
         
  Article:   OVERLOOKED TRADITIONAL ORCHARDS: THEIR IMPORTANCE FOR BREEDING BIRDS.

Authors:  MILAN VOGRIN. 		 
       
         
  Abstract:  Traditionally used orchards are important landscape features in Central Europe but their importance for wildlife is mostly overlooked. Their significance as important habitats for birds is best known; even some European endangered species nest in orchards. However, during the last decades orchards have disappeared due the intensification of agriculture (e.g. intensive orchards) and pressures from land development. In Slovenia, for example, more then 5000 ha of its traditionally used orchards were lost since 1990. During three years author studied the breeding birds in 64 traditional orchards in Slovenia. The most common trees in these orchards there have been apple trees. The most common breeding birds in orchards under study were Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus) and Great Tit (Parus major). In orchards studied breed up to six species, what in most cases depend from the size of orchards. In general, the densities of breeding bird species depends from the size of orchards studied which is also known from other habitat types. Some tips for the management of traditional orchards are presented.

Keywords: breeding birds, Slovenia, traditional orchards, wildlife. 		 
         
     
         
         
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